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Since cardiomyocyte contractions are investigated at framerates up to 1,000 frames per second (fps), very large stacks of images have to be analyzed per single cell and, consequently, for repeated experiments with large numbers of cells, data volumes will accumulate that are far beyond any manual evaluation. the difference between the subsequent images (n) and (nвЂ‰+вЂ‰1) (вЂњspeedвЂќ) within those areas and the difference to a reference frame (вЂњamplitudeвЂќ) is calculated and presented both as plot and numerical output that can be further statistically analyzed.ДЇrom both вЂњspeedвЂќ and вЂњamplitudeвЂќ extensive further information is calculated by MYOCYTER.

After defining the according bright areas as вЂњregions of interestвЂќ (ROIs), the contraction, i.e. вЂњContracting regionsвЂќ are identified by summarizing the detected differences between the single frames, resulting in a single image representing the areas with the highest amount of movement during the whole video in brighter colors than areas with low or even without moving. The result is a sequence of greyscale images where differences are represented by intensity: no difference results in black, maximal difference in white pixels. Firstly, MYOCYTER identifies cells by their movement, then, the two вЂњprimaryвЂќ parameters velocity (вЂњspeedвЂќ, the difference between two subsequent images in a video) and amplitude (the difference between the current frame and a so-called вЂњreference frameвЂќ that is either determined automatically or defined by the user) are extracted. One of the main and easiest existing applicable methods in this field is transmission light microscopy, used for the investigation of changes in the activity of contracting cells like cardiomyocytes.

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MYOCYTER, a macro for the free image processing software вЂњImageJвЂќ, has been already applied successfully to various different models in vivo and in vitro ranging from single cells to whole hearts. Consequently, there is need for a solution including only standard imaging hardware and the free, user friendly MYOCYTER that is presented in this publication, enabling even beginners with basic knowledge to carry out such investigations and to extract a large variety of parameters in a fully automatized manner from experimentally obtained video files. Such investigations are also of interest in scientific institutions, not specialized in cardiology and without access to the according highly integrated hard- and software solutions. In experimental cardiology, numeric quantification of cellular or cardiac contractions is essential for investigation of pathologic changes, aging or pharmacological effects both in vivo and in vitro. Using videos following known mathematical functions, we were able to demonstrate the accuracy of MYOCYTERвЂ™s data extraction, also successfully applied the software to both cellular and animal models, introducing innovations like dynamic thresholding, automatic multi-cell recognition, вЂњmaskedвЂќ evaluation and change of applied parameters even after evaluation. The extracted parameters enable extensive further (statistical) analysis to identify and quantify the effects of pathologic changes or drugs. With MYOCYTER (MC) we present a complete and highly customizable open-source macro for ImageJ, enabling fast, reliable user-friendly large scale analysis extracting an extensive amount of parameters from (even multiple) video recorded contracting cells or whole hearts, gained from a very competitive experimental setup. Think your right is infringed in any way, please let us know We will remove the link as soon as possible.Measurement and quantification of cardiomyocyte or cardiac contractions as important (patho) physiologic parameters require highly specialized and expensive setups of fully integrated hard- and software that may be very difficult to use and may also depend on highly sophisticated methods of further data evaluation. Randoms links already available somewhere in the internet.ДЄll the contents in this blog are only for educational purposes. We are not hosting anyД¬opyrighted content, all the links provided in this blog are just We do not own any of the contents in this blog. So here is your gift CLICK HERE TO access osmosis prime videosДЄND HERE IS THE SECOND LINK SYSTEM WISE OSMOSIS VIDEO. Osmosis Premium,Medical Osmosis Lecture Notes Osmosis videos are grouped into following categories.

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